opium wars

During the opium wars England, and other European countries wanted to get the Tea from the Chinese. The Chinese did not want to trade with them because they were isolated from the rest of the world.China was a self-sufficient country and the Chinese did not want or need anything from Great Britain or any other foreign countries.When the British couldn't find any other products to trade with China they decide to mix opium with tobbaco to promote opium smoking.The British were sucsesssul, and sold nearly 2 million pound of opium in to China each year.Because of Opium large amount of Chinese population weakened. Almost 10% of Chinese people were smoking opium.When the government discovered the opium trade they set laws and illegalized the sell of opium in terms of smoking. However, it can be used for treatments. The punishment for selling opium would be banishment, or execution. However that did not stop the British from selling the highly addictive drug, because the government addiction were corrupted, and accepted bribes from the British.The war was called the Opium war because the British wanted to keep selling opium to China.The Opium War was the very first drug war. The war was from 1839 to 1842. it was a very intense war leading to the humilating defeat of china. the was was mainly about Great Britan and China. it all started when china introduced Tea to Great britain. Great Britain wanted to trade china for tea. china didnt want to, but they wanted to

"Mountains of the Moon"

The movie the mountains of the moon is about the trials 2 European explorer's faced in Africa Nile. The discovery of it would be the next biggest thing than when Columbus found America. But unlike Columbus who had a map but just didn't go the right way, Speke & Burton. The Nile is an important river that stretches throughout major parts of Africa. The two faced horrible problems along they way based on the movie. Things such as tribe wars, Disease and bug problems, theft, drought & a lot of hardships on the way to the base concerning the terrain and weather. Gaining the faith and trust of the people they hired,was also a problem. Some people would run away and steal their goods, and some would betray Speak and Burton while in the middle of their expedition.Finally,after about six months, the Europeans had found the source of the Nile. It was the third largest lake in the world and they named it "Lake Victoria".The primary technological advantage that Europeans had over African people was guns and powerful weapons, where as Africans carried only spears. The Europeans also had tools such as microscopes and telescopes. The Europeans were civilized, the Africans lived in tribes and had no government. All of this allowed the Europeans to eventually conquer Africa so easily. As you can see this is how many countries found a way to exploit Africa through its rich resources but very poor defense.

The Meiji Restoration of Japan

Mathew Perry went to the coasts of Japan to trick the Japanese, pretending that he was "negotiating". Japan did not desire to trade with any other nation/country as they were in isolation. Commodore Perry wasn't negotiating as much as bulling Japan. He brought a naval force to Japan that did not use sails. He did this to impress the Japanese, and it worked. The Japanese had never seen anything like them.During the Meiji Restoration Era, the Japanese economy began to build up it's industrial base. It revised by basing itself on the western model. The Japanese government sent out investigators to learn the ways of European and American industries. In 1889, the Japanese government adopted a constitution based on the British and German models of parliamentary democracy. During this same period, railroads were constructed, a banking system was started and the samurai system was disbanded. Japan had successfully made the transition to a western style industrialized state. When the Japanese Constitution was adopted in 1889, Japan, was able to make the transition to a world power through its expansion of colonial holdings. Eventually the Japanese even learned to adapt and learn how to make things better such as the regular bomb into a torpedo from the air, such as the ones they used in pearl harbor. This shows the technology in japan and how the Japanese advanced through the Meiji restoration of japan

Karl Marx and Communism

Karl Marx is German born in Europe. He was born a jew but his family converted to christianity. He didnt believe in god, he thought religion was a drug for the people. When he worked he thought it was unfair, unsafe and very harsh how the landlordsand owners of jobs treated the workers. Soon after he was dismayed by the workers in Europe. From there on he urged workers to unite and fight back landlords and owners of the jobs. He felt workers rather than landlords should control the land and farms, all of his ideas wereknown as "Communism".He hated the way everything was before and after the Industrial Revolution. It was a battle of the rich verses the poor. If it wasnt for Karl Marx' strong dislike for the Industrial Revolution, there would be no communism. Communism in other words is basically a classless society.
Marx didnt like the way that the poor people were treated.Marx believed that workers would control government, but communist governments were strict and up tight. Workers were often forced to work on huge farms and factory workers often had to fulfill quotas. In most Communist nations, the press was censored. They were not allowed to print news stories that criticized the government. People who spoke out against the Soviet government were treated harshly. Marx died in 1883, but his ideas formed the basis of the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917. Mongolia became the second communist nation in 1921 and by the end of World War II, many governments were overthrown by communists.

nationalism and the creation of italy

nationalism is defined as a practice of taking pride in your own country, but many people in this country cant take part in that since everyone is here is very paranoid and pretenious. even people who live and had familes here for more than a generation are paranoid and very insecure, because many dont want to lose their traditions and values to other foriginers who come and settle down here. However in the austro-hungrian empire, that was not the case. The countries with in that huge empire wanted their own tradition's and values. To let them have their own sense of nationalism.
Nationalism its self very vauge and not really a practice, more like a way of life. Nationilist's in this country might define themselves through sports, foods or even religion. However, just as every country has forigners. they also come with their own tradtion's and values and when those two collide, you have cultural diffusion. In that sense, it is also twice to keep a natinalistic sense of pride in a country such as ours.
The case with itally and the other countries that wanted to succed from the ottoman empire is that they did not olny want to have their cultures, tradition's and values. But their own country. This created commotion and eventually they broke apart and each own group formed a country. This includes itally , germany, austria, prussia...etc. But eventually their plan did work and these countries did make their own values and tradition's. they also began to grew on their own like independent nation's.

Simon Bolivar and Latin American Revolutions

Shortly after the the french revolution, many got the same idea that they could succeed with their motherlands. This gave ideas to many other nations such as what we did in the late 1700's with our own revolution. But before that Simon bolivar was a revolution as well in his country. since he wanted independence from pain, he thought he should set up something up and in time created a huge revolution that sill affect's Latin America till today.
Bolivar had traveled through Europe and the United States, while he traveled through the United States, he really liked the way how the US had fought for their freedom and gained it through the hardships, but in the end had become a good democratic country. Bolivar liked the idea so much that he planned on getting his country, Venezuela, its own freedom from Spain.
Simon Bolivar had not only helped his country achieve freedom but rather he had helped all of South America be their own independent country and gain them freedom from Spain. For that reason Bolivar is extremely respected in South America. He had helped many of the countries of South America today to gain their freedom from the country and or nation they were bound to.

Robespierre and The Reign of Terror

The reign of terror takes shortly after the revolution between the The monarchy of France with the ordinary people of France. naturally the people won due to greater numbers. soon after they created a system where there is limited monarchy, where the people share the same power. but out of this grew new radical ideas. for example, since religion was believed to be old fashioned it was said that all the churches in Paris were closed and put away. however the biggest radical idea was the guillotine. This machine was a device that would slice a person's head off using blade falling at rapid speeds. many people would be killed this way based on accusations and thoughts that were against the new regime.
Out of this a new radical leader came to power, who was Maximillion Robespierre. This man was a person who was very dedicated to the new regime, in fact so dedicated he killed the widow and people that were related or the people that she knew. people began to worry that everyone was now a victim of his dictatorship. Even though he was a dictator, people also believed he was a scared man. during this time Austria had become a big problem to France, the legislative party urge to wage war against them. however, he did not. This was another one of the factors that led to his death and execution with the guillotine(irony). Out of his death came a new appointed leader, Napoleon Bonaparte.

French revolution

1. The reasons why the people of the 3rd class didn't like the higher up's is that because they were highly unfair. They didn't have to pay much tax, they got what they wanted and got to also benifit off the 3rd class. so as for the 3rd class they realized they had it the worst and wanted to do something about it

2. He might have been angry about how his life was pretty much dull and misshapen, he would probably have to pay a tax so huge he wouldn't be able even to feed him self and much less his family(if he had one)

3. source A describes how the higher up's too advantage of the peasants and other people in the lower class's. so its pretty obvious the one all the way at the bottom is the 3rd class peasant.

4. they were bad since In that example that couple would have to pay 2 feudal lords and then came the taxes which took the bare leftover money they had after they would pay everything

5. Yes it does. It shows that the poor had a very hard life, and that they had to pay to support the rich. It shows why they would want to revolt against the rich and have a revolution to avoid the harsh times.

6.The french peasants would be most influenced by Rousseau because it was about how the french peasants were treated and how everyone should be equal.

7. Whoever wrote the pamphlet of source D, was a person who believed in natural human rights and that not man had the right to take that away from another man. so naturally it would be taken away from the people of the higher up positions due to the freedom expressed in this pamphlet

John Locke and "The Enlightenment"

The age of enlightenment was a age of where people were given what they used to call "natural rights". These rights were based upon the words of John Locke. In fact they even used him in the declaration of independence. Through this, we were able to get the freedom's we do today in America. John Locke was of English decent, he was brought up in a family where much freedom wasn't given to him by his family or teachers, due to his Puritan upbringing. However many thought him as a hypocrite since he was an investor in slave trading. Needless to say he still manged to influence presidents, philosophers and scholar's.
The age of enlightenment was a age where people were more inclined to think in their own diverse way. Since it did start in England and manage to spread to certain parts of Europe. John Locke was pretty much in the middle of all of it. But he has also made other contributions besides the Declaration of independence. For example he made certain theories about the value of property and ownership which is also based up him. This is olny some of his achivements. After he died , people began to slowly forget what he did and what he stood for, but since he words are now placed in the declaration of independence he death is not much of waste.

Copernicus and the trial of Gallileo

During the scientific revolution Europe came across two scientists that would be held against their own words, even though it was the complete truth. In the beginning there was Copernicus who had a theory that it was the earth that was the center of the universe, but rather the sun. He created a new model for his discovery called the heliocentric model. However since he had no actual proof, just assumptions and hypothesis what the difference were to be if the sun was to be the center and if earth were the center. He did publish a book, however very few bought it, since most saw him as a crackpot, but to the public astonishment the pope Paul II took an interest of the book and actually finished it. however nothing major happened till Galileo created the telescope.Galileo is know today as the father of astrology, this is all due to his creation of the refracting telescope and the theory he formulated with. But, this is not what made him famous, it was actually his infamous record of going against the pope and the bible. Unlike Copernicus, the pope during Galileo's time was much more stricter and took this as a huge offense. This all started because he presented his ideas to a local university, until someone told about his lecture about actual proof of the sun being the center of the universe. due to this he was under arrest and placed in a jail cell for about 2-3 months and then house arrest for 4 years. during this time he was able out to even out certain parts of his theory. But since he was afraid no one would be able to hear about his theories. He one day took several copies and just started to throw them out the window and the locals and peasants, hoping they might enlighten mankind. However this got out and he was placed under arrest again.It can be said that Galileo was able to prove Copernicus right and the catholic church was proven wrong. But even scientists later on were able to further able to prove Copernicus right. Newton came up with another theory involving the sun's center holding the rest of the universe at balance. eventually more bigger and powerfull telescopes came later on and were finally able to put out the the public that the sun was indeed the center of the universe. Eventually the Church was able to put their mistake in past and just accept the fact they made a huge mistake.

Scientific Revolution: The Scientific Method

The scientific method in general is a series of step to evaluate a problem and try to solve it. It was used in a lot of theories, gravity is a good example. With out these evaluations people would have made errors that they made back then, such as the universe theory into modern problems. The scientific method has always been used in science from anywhere from children science projects to modern day discoveries, such as the Large Hadron Collider. which was actually a mistake in their own scientific method. so like most scientists who had been proved wrong, were willing to give their experiment another shot by the scientific method.
The scientific method is begun by first stating a general problems. for example "why do things fall". Then is followed by a hypothesis which might not be a correct answer later. the hardest part is trying to create an experiment to either prove your point or just to solve the general problem. After that can come a step of procedures to conduct the experiment. which is finally followed by the conclusion. At this point your hypothesis can either be proven wrong or right. another possibility is finding out that your procedure does not relate to your problem and the entire thing was a waste of time.

Evolution vs Creationism

Evolution states that things began as the most simplest life forms, such as bacteria or parasites, then gradually made its way to humans and greater life forms after a long while (a million years or two). But darwin aslo had some back up as to why not all forms of life could not live. this was through "natural selection". survival of the fittest. For example, a life form that had advantages in a certain habitat or area, could surely survive than one that did not have that advantage
Creationism is more like a step of processes that eventually created human life. For example, one day there was light and so forth. But the ultimate argument is that can it be proved this life form exsists and did all of this within 7 days. There was also a belif that the 2 first humans were called "adam and eve" and through those two, created a human population and made us the way we are today.
I belive in evolution rather than creationism, because unlike creationism it has a strong foundation. but like many therories it does have flaws and problems. For example, even before evolution, how did the first life start and how was it created?. even though it is hazy, it does make more sense than creationism ( at least in my opinion ). because creationism says that one supposedly great created everything in 7 days like a recipe or somesort. Im buddhist, so they tought me to belive in other things rather than one indivual idea or statement. But, the person who created this theory was human after all and could have made a huge mistake into thinking we started as simple life forms.

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